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Apoptosis, Oxidative Stress, and Cell Cycle Disruption: Antitumor Effects of a Novel Palladium(II) Complexes
Autorzy
Rok wydania
2025
Czasopismo
Journal of Medicinal Chemistry
Numer woluminu
68
Strony
23267-23276
DOI
10.1021/acs.jmedchem.5c02079
Kolekcja
Język
Angielski
Typ publikacji
Artykuł
The development of novel metal-based anticancer agents with higher selectivity and lower toxicity is a major goal in oncology. In this study, four newly synthesized palladium(II) complexes (1a, 1b, 1c, 2a) were tested for cytotoxicity against breast cancer cell lines MCF-7 and MDA-MB-231, with cisplatin as reference. Complexes 1a, 1b, and 2a showed strong activity, particularly in MCF-7. Flow cytometry revealed that complex 2a induced S-phase arrest in MCF-7 and G2/M arrest in MDA-MB-231. ROS detection assays confirmed a marked increase in oxidative stress after 2a treatment, accompanied by mitochondrial membrane potential loss. Furthermore, caspase-9 and caspase-8 activation, along with downstream caspases 3 and 7, indicated engagement of both intrinsic and extrinsic apoptotic pathways. Among the tested compounds, palladium complex 2a exhibited the most potent and multifaceted anticancer activity. These results highlight 2a as a promising candidate scaffold for further development of novel chemotherapeutics targeting breast cancer.
Licencja otwartego dostępu
Licencja ta zezwala na rozpowszechnianie, przedstawianie i wykonywanie utworu jedynie w celach niekomercyjnych oraz pod warunkiem zachowania go w oryginalnej postaci (nie tworzenia utworów zależnych). Jest to najbardziej restrykcyjna z licencji.
Pełny tekst licencji: https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0/legalcode
Adres publiczny
http://dx.doi.org/10.1021/acs.jmedchem.5c02079
Strona internetowa wydawcy
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