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Spectral and Paramagnetic Characterization of Soil Humic Substances Under Different Fertilization Regimes: Implications for Sustainable Grassland Management
Autorzy
Rok wydania
2026
Czasopismo
Numer woluminu
18
Strony
6357/1-6357/15
DOI
10.3390/su18126357
Kolekcja
Język
Angielski
Typ publikacji
Artykuł
Sustainable management of permanent grasslands requires evidence-based selection of fertilization practices that support long-term soil organic matter quality and ecosystem function. This study addresses the need to identify optimal agricultural practices in permanent grasslands and the effects of organic and inorganic fertilizers on soil humic substances (HS) composition and stability. Grassland plots were amended after cutting with mineral fertilizer (NPK), farmyard manure (FYM), cattle slurry (CS), or digestate (DIG), and humic acids (HA) were isolated using the standard International Humic Substances Society procedure. The elemental composition, total carbon and nitrogen contents, C/N ratio, and selected biogenic elements were determined using routine laboratory methods, while infrared spectroscopy, fluorescence excitation–emission matrix analysis, and electron paramagnetic resonance spectroscopy were applied to characterize chemical structure and semiquinone radical concentrations. Principal component analysis (PCA) indicated distinct clustering of fertilization treatments, which was supported by a statistically significant effect (p < 0.05) based on ANOVA. The results suggest that the fertilization regime was associated with variation in HS composition and radical abundance. DIG and NPK treatments showed lower O/C ratios and radical concentrations, potentially reflecting more reduced humic acids. In contrast, FYM and CS treatments tended to exhibit higher radical concentrations and O/C ratios. These findings highlight the importance of fertilizer type in shaping soil organic matter dynamics in managed grassland ecosystems and provide a scientific basis for the development of sustainable soil management strategies and environmentally sound fertilization practices in permanent grassland systems.
Słowa kluczowe
grasslands, humic substances, inorganic and organic fertilizers, sustainable soil management, soil organic matter quality, electron paramagnetic resonance, fluorescence spectroscopy
Licencja otwartego dostępu
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Pełny tekst licencji: https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/3.0/pl/legalcode
Adres publiczny
http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/su18126357
Strona internetowa wydawcy
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